Hydraulic cartridge.



D. V. SICKMAN.

HYDRAULIC CARTRIDGE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13. 1915.

Patented Oct. 23, 1917.

6 SHEETSSHEET l.

Suva nloz D. V. SICKIVIAN.

HYDRAULIC CARTRIDGE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I3. I9I5. 1,243.991. Patented Oct. 23, 19.11

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HYDRAULIC CARTRIDGE.

APPLICATION man SEPT. I3. 1915.

Patented Oct. 1917.

6 SHEETS 4.

Wane/Jo gnve or 'with pistoiis each composed of two members DAVY vancn SICKMAN. or new conono.

HYDRAULIC CARTRIDGE.

i ,aaaaei.

Specification of Letters Patent. L Patemtmdflnt. 235, T3 1 '53.

Application filed September 13, 1915. Serial no; 50,357.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DAVY VANCE SioK- MAN, a citizen of the United States, residing atthe city and county of Denver and State of Colorado, have invented. certain new.

and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Cartridges; and ,I'do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled .in the art to which it appertains to make and .use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

.My invention relates to improvements in hydraulic cartridges of the class employed in breaking down coal or other material in mines, through the medium of fluid pressure, water being generally employed for this purpose;

My present improvement embodies as illustrated in the drawing a construction in which the bar of the cartridge is equipped occupying compartments spaced by an inprojected in oppo'site' directions, the water pressure reactiiig upon the interposed stationary wall while the piston members are actuated and serve to break down the material.

In my present construction the interposed wall is provided with ports and passages for the introduction of the water or other fluid.

tov the pressure surfaces of,.,the piston members. By virtue of this construction, the part in which the fluid passages are formed, is stationary as distinguished from the movable columns or auxiliary pistons through which the fluid passes, in the construction disclosed,.for instance .in my application, Serial No. 38,856, filed July 9, 1915.

An additional feature of novelty consists in the construction whereby each piston member is equipped with valves for automatically cutting off the supply of water piston from the pressure surfaces of .the members, when the latter have reached the desired limit of outward movement. In my aforesaid application the construction embodies means for automatically cutting off the'supply of fluid toi'the larger piston openings formed in the partitions of member, but the smaller member is not so equipped. In my present construction the fluid is automatically cut off from the pres sure surfaces of both members. I I

Still another feature of novelty in my present construction, consists in the securing of the interposed wall by means of pins passed horizontally tl'lIOlbgli which are he bar which separate the pistonchambers from' each other. It should be stated that this construction is for use in connection with the elongated. or ellipsoidal shape of pistons, *sincewhere this shape of piston is-employed, it 'is impossible to connect the interposed wall with the bar by screwing it into place, inwhich it is inserted, as well as the par" tition itself is elongated instead of cyliir drical.

Having briefly outlined my improvedconstruction I will in-detail, reference being made to the ac compaying drawing in which is illustrated an embodiment thereof. In this drawiiig,-'

F igure 1 is a fragmentary, underneath view of a cartridge equipped with my improvements.

Fig. 2 is a top plan View of the bottom plalte of the interposed wall" shownin detai. l

Fig. 3 is a vertical the cartridge on the parts being shown on a larger scale.

Fig. 4 is a similarview of the smaller piston member shown in detail.

Fig. 5 is a section also taken on the line 3-5, Fig.1, shown on the same scale as Fig. 3 but with the piston members fully projected. M

Fig. 6 is a fiagnientary top plan view of the bar showing the interposed wall of one piston chamber in place, the piston being removed. In this view the interposed wall is viewed in the direction indicated by arrow 6, Fig. 8.

Fig. 7 is an underneath view of the same portion of the bar. disclosed in Fig. 6, with section taken through the interposed Wall in place but with the mcre especially adapted line 3-5, Fig. 1,

since the opening...

proceed to describe the same Fig. 8 is a central vertical section taken through the interposed wall shown in detail and on the same scale as Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is a cross section takenthrough the bar on the line 99, Fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is a side elevation partly in section showing the top nut ofthe centrally located sufiicient for all purposes.

valve chamber of the interposed wall.

Fig. 11 1s a top view-of the same or a [view looking in the direction of arrow 11,

Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a vertical section similar to Fig.

3 but illustrating a modified form of constructiona Fig. 13 is a similar View of the same construction but with the piston members projected.

Figsyl l and 15 are detail end views respectively illustrating the piston members of the form of construction shown in. 'l igs.

3 and 5. g The same reference characters indicate the same parts in all the views,

Referring first more particularly to the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 9 inclusive,

let the numeral 5 designate the bar of the cartridge which may be of any desired length. These bars are usually of such length as to hold or carry a plurality ci -pi tons... 'lln the" drawing"- the bar wherever shown is brolren away to lndicate that it may be or" any desired length.

As the construction ofa single piston together with the portion of the. cartridge bar to which it is applied, is the same regardless. of the number of pistons used, a description of a single piston portion of the "bar will be The term piston as here employed, and referring particularly to the construction disclosed in the drawing, is composed of two members the lower or larger member being designatedby the nu-' are in the normal position, they are telescoped and to a large extent occupy the same vertical position, though even when in the telescoped relation, a part of the lower member extends below the lowest part of the upper member, and the highest part of the upper member extends considerably above the corresponding part of the lower member.

These two pistonmembers are arranged in cooperative relation with ,an interposed wall 8 (see Fig. 8), which is secured within a chamber 9 formed in' the bar, the said wall serving to separate this chamber into two compartments l0 and 12, the member 8 occiipying one coinpartmentand the member ins-spar 7 the other compartment. This wall'in top plan V ew is rectangular in outline as shown in Fig. 6, its extremities 13 bemg countersunk, so to speak, in relatively shallow caviwhich an interposed wall is located, from a the two ad acent'chambers.

In be case of a terminal chamberythe corresponding end portion of the bar will contain the perforationsl6 as will be readily understoodby reference to Fig. l.

in the case of two adjacent chambers, the adjacent perforations 15 of the two walls,

- will be in register with the perforations 16 of the partition of the bar, and the same securing pin 18 will be employed for fastenving the interposed wallsin place. These pins will be so secured as to form fluid tight Joints. I

Each interposed wall contains three valve chambers one of which is centrally located and designated, 19 while the two others each ,ofwhich designated 20., are arranged on opposite sides of the central chamber. "The chamber 19 is provided at its top with a nut 21 which is interiorly threaded and appl ed to exterior threads formed on the top of the chamber casing asshown at 22. This nut has a central opening 23 (see Fig.'11) said opening belng' enlarged by vertically disposed recesses 24. Thelower extremities of the chamber 19, is closed as shown at 25, the casmg of this chamber being threaded into place in the lower part or body 26 of the interposed wall as shown at 27. The upper extremity of each -chamber 20' is closed as shown at 28 while its lower extremity is providedwith an opening 29 formed in a nut 30 which is threaded into place in the lower part 26 of the wall as shown at 31. 'Each of these openings 29 is also enlarged by the formation of vertical grooves or recesses 32. Be-

tween the upper face of each nut and the adjacent surface of the part 26 of the wall, is located a gasket 33. A similar gasket 3% is also located between the nut 21 and-the upper extremity of the casing of the chamber 19.

To the lower surface of the bottom 26 of the interposed wall, is applied a plate 35 This plate holds in place a relatively large .which is secured in place by screws 36.

a fluid" tightjoint between the bottom of the wall and the adjacent inner surface 38 of the piston member 6. The casings of fluid tight joint.

messes the chamber ltl and the two chambers 20,

extend upwardlv from the bottom 26 of screws llr The piston member 7 has chain: here 42 to make room for the casings 43 ofthe chambers 20. This piston also has a central chamber 44 to make room for a central casing 45 of the chamber 19 of the interpesed wall.

47 whose upper extremity is connected with the piston member by a screw 48 threaded into the stem as shown at 49, The head of this screw extends outwardly beyond the adjacent surface of the stem and engages a spiralspringbO, located in arecess 51 surrounding theupper extremity of the valve stem. Above the head of this screw, a recess is formed in the piston memberl? and into it is. threaded as shown at 52, a nut 53, a gasket 54 being employed to form a fthe valve stem 47 is provided with an enlarged valve piece 55,'which when the piston member 7 is at its outward limit of movement, engages the gasket 34 and forms :a: fluid tight joint, whereby the actuating fluid is 'cut ofi' from the-pressure surface oil the piston member 7. This valve piece is of less diameter as shown at 56 than the chamber 19 in which it is located for a purpose hereinafter explained.

The lower piston member 6 is provided with two valves 57 having stems 58 whose lower extremities are connected with the lower part 59 of the piston members by screws 60 having reducedsha'nks which are threaded as shown at 61 into the stems. The

head of each of these screws extends beyond the valve stem and engages a relatively stilt spiraLspringBQ. Below the head ofeach screw is formed a recess into which is threaded a nut 63, between which and the adjacent surface of the part 59 of the piston-is located a gasket 64 whereby a fluid tight joint is formed. The upper extremity of each valve stem 58 is provided with a valve piece proper 65 which when the piston member 6 is a't 'its outward limit of movement engages one of the gaskets 33 of the interposed wall and forms a fluid tight ioint to cut off the actuating fluid from the pressure surface of this piston member.

\Vhen the cartridge is in use, actuating fluid as .water, enters the cartridge bar through a conduit 66 which communicates at its inner extremity as shown at 67 with a passage 68 which communicates with a passage 69 formed in a relatively small coni duit 70 inserted and fastened in a longi- 4.. This member is provided at its lower Further the piston member 7 is provided with a valve 46 having a stem The lower extremity of tudinal recess 71 formed in the bar. The water after entering the passage fiupasses through a branchpassage 72 which estends upwardly and communicates as shown at $3 with the outer extremity of a 74 whose inner extremity communicates as shown at 75 with a short angular passage 76 'i ormed in the pin 18 which passage commun'icates with the upper extremity of ver- A tically disposed pam'age'i'? formed in the interposed wall and which communicates at its lower extremity with a horizontally disposed passage 7 8 which communicates: at its inner extrem ty as shown at 2 9 with I a valve chamber 20 of the interposed wall. It should be understood that the actuating flmd as water enters at each extremity of the interposed wall,,the corresponding ports and passages being indicated by the same reference characters Hence the actuating fluid simultaneously enters the two valve chambers 20 and passes downwardly through the grooves 32 formed in the nuts 30, to the pressure surface 80 of the piston memberfi Furthermore this actuating fluid passes from the valve chambers 20 of the interposed wall through passages 81 of the interposed. wall, into the central chamber 19 of said wall, and thence upwardly through the recesses 24 of the nut 2i, to the pressure sur face-82 ofthe piston member 7 and into a central chamber 4402 said piston member. From this chamber the motiv e fluid passes into the chambers 42 ofthe piston member 7 and also into the chamber 12 and thence to the pressure surface of the piston mem her 7. 1

By virtue of the passage of the motive fluid as water to the pressure surfaces of the two piston members, these two members will be simultaneously projected until the valve piece 55 of the member 7 and the two valve pieces 65 of the member 6 are brought into-engagement with the respec tive gaskets 34 and whereby the grooves 23 of the nut 21 andthe grooves of the nuts 30, are closed thus cutting oil the sup ment of the relatively stilt spiral springs 50 and 62, for permitting a limited further travel of the piston members, in case the motive fluid should leak. past the gaskets 33 and '34 of the interposed wall. In this event, the further movement of the piston members will be sufiicient to open ports or passages formed in the ca rtridge bar for the escape of the motive fluich These springs connsti-tute a safety or emergency appliance and. will undoubtedly only occasienallv be broughtinto requisition. I

In the form of construction. shown in.

Figs. 12 to 15 inclusive, the piston members ence being that the piston members are cylindrical mstead'of ellipsoidal in shape, the interposed wall as well as the chamber in which the piston members and wall are located, being of corresponding shape and may be designated by the same or corresponding reference characters. It is evident that the general feature of telescoping cooperating piston members spaced by an interposed wall having passages or apassage for the introduction of the motive fluid to the pressure surfaces of the said member", *ay be employed where the piston memb: are cylindrical in shape, as well as where these members are elongated or ellipsoidal iii shape. Prominence has how ever been given in this application to the elongated form of piston members, since the special construction including the horizontally disposed pins 18 for securing the interposed wall in place is specially adapted for use where this wall is elongated in shape and therefore cannot be screwed into position, as can the cylindrical form of wall. But the advantage of forming the main passage or passages for the introduction of motive fluid to the pressure surfaces of the piston members, is equally important, regardless of the particular shape of the intel-posed wall and the telescoping piston members cooperating therewith. it will be noted that in Figs. 12 and 13 of the drawing, the interposed wall 8 is provided with a passage 77 for introducing the liquid or other motive fluid on one side only of this wall. This of course is an immaterial feature particularly where the pistonmembers are cylindrical in. shape. In the elongated form of construction, it is preferred to introduce the motive fluid through passages at both ends of the said Wall. In any event the invention is suiiicientlybroad to cover the introduction of the motive fluid to the pressure surfaces of the piston members by way of one or more passages formed in the interposed wall. This is a distinctly novel feature and one to which attention has heretofore been called since it is preferred that the main passage for the motive fluid to the pressure surfaces of the piston members should be 111 a stationary rather than in a movable part.

In further explanation of the differences.

in detail between the construction shown in Figs. 12 and 13 and that shown in the other views, it should be stated that the interposed-wall is provided with a single ccntrally located chamber which is designated 19 to correspond with the designation of the correspondingly positioned chamber of the otherviews; while the chambers 20 of j ton member 7 vided with a port weasel the construction shown in the last named views, and their casings d3 are dispensed with it. Again the piston member 6 in Figs, 12 and 13, contains a single valve 57 only and this valve enters the central chamber 19 of the interposed wall, the bottom of the chamber 19 being formed by a nut 30 which is provided with an opening through which the stem 43 of the valve 57 passes, the upper surface of the nut having a gasket which the valve piece of the valve 57 engages. to cut off the fluid from the pressure surface of the piston member 6. Again in order that the stem f? of the valve 46 of the iston member 7 ma assume the P 3/ so telescoped position the stem d8 of the valve 57 is centrally recessed longitudinally as shownat 99 to allow the stem i? to enter (see Fig. 12). Another detail of difference consists in the fact that in-the form of con- 35 struction shown in Figs. 12 and 13, the mo tive fluid. on its way to the pressure surfaces of the two piston members enters the central chamber 19 of the interposed wall and both piston members 6 and 7.

I From the foregoing description the use and operation of my present improvement will be readily understood. The motive passes therefrom 'to the pressure surfaces of a fluid usually liquid and preferably water 5,

by reason of its cheapness, is introduced. simultaneously to the pressure surfaces of both piston members as heretofore described, and hbts thereon to project these members in opposite directions. When the 100 members have reached their limit of movement, the valves 42 and 57 carried thereby serve to cut off communication between the motive fluid and the pressure surfaces of these members, with the result that the memhers cease to move. Provision is made however whereby the members may have a further limited movement to provide for the possible contingency that the motive fluid may leak past the gaskets with which the valve pieces are in contact. In this event provision must be made for permitting the escape of the motive fluid, by the uncovering of ports formedin the cartridge bar,

by the further or additional movement of the piston members. Suitable ports 90 and ill for this purpose are indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 9. The port 91 is utilized to permit the escape of the motive fluid when the lower piston member 6 has moved be- 0 yond the position shown in Fig. 5, while the port or passage 90 is utilized when the pishas moved beyond the position shown in the same figure, the additional movements of both pistons being permitted by the springs 62 and 50 as heretofore explained. In order that the motive fluid pass through the relief port 91, it is necessary that the piston member 6 be pro- 92 (see Fig. 9), which I claim is,

- as-s91 when this piston member is projected far enough to require the escape of the motive fluid, thc'asport 92in the piston member 6 register with the port 91 in the bar. having'thus described my invention, what 1. An hydraulic cartridge including two telescoping piston members spaced by an goints between the I ad acent-parts. I

5. An hydraulic cartridge i-ncludlng a bar interposed wall having a passage for conicting motive fluid to the pressure surface-sot the said members;

i inhydraulic cartridge including two telescoping piston. members spaced by an'in- P used stationary wall having a passage 4-. An hydraulic cartridge including two telescoping piston members spaced by an interposed stationary wall having a passage' for conducting motive fluid to the pressure suri'aces of the said members; the said wall one piston member being respectlvely 1 equipped with gaskets to form fluid tight piston members and the provided with a chamber, a telescoping pislocated in said chamber and composed of two members, anda stationary wallseparating the two piston members, the said wall having a passage for conducting motivefluid to the pressure surfaces ofthe two piston members.

6. 'An hydraulic cartridge .including an elongated piston composed of two telescoping members spaced by an interposed wall of corresponding shape. 1

7. An hydraulic cartridge including an elongated piston composed of two'telescopmg members spaced by an interposed wall oi corrcsponding shape and having a passage for conducting motive fluid to thepressure surfaces of the said piston members.

8. An hydraulic cartridge including an elongated piston composed of two telescoping members spaced by an interposed ,staticnary wall of corresponding shape.

9. An hydraulic. cartridge including an elongated piston composed of two telescoping members spaced by an interposed stationary wall of corresponding shape, said wall having a passage for conducting mo-. tire fluid to'thc pressure surfaces of the said piston members. Y

.10. An hydraulic cartridge including an eloi ated piston composed of. two telescoping piston members spaced by an interposed stationary wall of corresponding shape, one

or conducting motive fiuidto the pressure tremities of the chamber.. I

14. An hydraulic cartridge comprising a piston member having a gasket engaging the said Wall to form a fluid tight joint.

:11. -An hydraulic cartridge including an elongated; piston having two telescoping membens'spaced by an interposed wall of corresponding shape, the said wall and one piston member being respectively equipped with gaskets toiform fluid'tight joints between the piston members and the adjacent parts.

, 12. An hydraulic cartridge including a bar having a chamber, a wall separating the chamber into compartments, and pins anchored 1n the bar and engaglng perforations formed in the said. wall for securing the latter in position, and piston members arranged" in the respective compartments of the cham bers. I I

- 13. An hydraulic cart-ridge including a bar having anelongated chamber, a wall of corresponding shape separating the chamber into compartments, and-pins anchored "in the-bar and engaging perforations formed in the said wall at its opposite extremities for securing the latter in position, and piston members arranged in the opposite ex bar having a plurality of chambers arranged at suitable intervals, walls arranged in said chambers, each wall separating its chamber into two compartments, pins passed through perforations formed in the adjacent portions of the bar and the extremities of the said walls which secure the latter in place,

compartments: of the chamber.

15. An hydraulic cartridge comprising a.

bar having a plurality of elongated chambers, interposed ,walls of corresponding shape located in the respective chambers and separatingceach chamber into two compartjection of the piston members, and means carried by the piston members for automatically cutting off the supply of fluid from the pressure surfaces of the said members when they have reached a predetermined limit of outward travel.

17., An hydraulic cartridge including a bar having a chamber, a wall separating the chamber into two compartn'lchts, piston members located in the respective compartice I and piston members located in the respective res ments, pins engaging registering perforathey have reached predetermined limit of outward travel, the cartridge bar being prov1cled wlth normally closed rellef ports, and

10 means for permitting the further movement 01 the piston members te ntecever these parts 1n ease the metlve field leaks past the means for autemeticallv cutting 01?? the en a 1 sub:

v Q 1P 3 stantially as ilescribeel.

In testimony whereoi ll aifini signature i5 in presence of two Witnesses.

DAVY VANCE" CILKBMN. Viinesses Gems Hnsron, A. Esnn'r QBRIEN.

' @opies 1? this "ya-mm be obtained; for five cents each, by eflairessing flee 30m; iesiener oi Wetsuits,

Washington, D. fi. 

